Cryptodictionary Glossary Academy Bit2Me

Dictionary

Dictionary of concepts related to Bitcoin & Blockchain

A

AAVE (ETHLend)

AAVE, or formerly ETHLend, is a well-known decentralized finance project or DeFi, which is focused on making loans with cryptocurrencies, using a simple interface and under a scheme that revolutionized this sector.

Adam Back

Adam Back is a Ph.D. in Computer Science, who is widely recognized for his diverse work in cryptography, anonymous systems, and for being one of the earliest members of the cypherpunk movement.

Airdrop

The airdrop is perhaps the most striking promotional format for launching a token or cryptocurrency. And it is that, in an ecosystem as populated as that of cryptocurrencies, the distribution of free assets is one of the best ways to get on the map.

Algorand

Algorand (ALGO) is a high-level blockchain project, designed by cryptographer Silvio Micali, focused on high-speed transaction processing and high-level smart contracts for decentralized finance (DeFi).

Algorithm

Set of rules and steps to follow to solve a problem, whether calculation or otherwise. A mathematical example would be the steps to follow to solve a rule of three. Instead, a non-mathematical example would be to prepare a meal following the steps of a recipe.

Altcoin

An altcoin (or "Alternative Coin"), is the name by which all those currencies that are not Bitcoin are usually called. Altcoins were born with the firm intention of diversifying and improving the crypto ecosystem with options beyond Bitcoin. Let's get to know some of these altcoins and how they have enriched the crypto ecosystem today.

Block Height

The block height is a number that indicates the position of a specific block within the blockchain. Like the block hash, this data can also be used as an identifier to locate a specific block.

Amir taaki

Amir Taaki, is a developer, cryptoanarchist and one of the great figures behind the development of Bitcoin technology, especially in the areas of technical improvements, privacy and anonymity.

AML (Anti Money Laundering)

Set of international laws approved to mitigate money laundering by criminal individuals or organizations.

Andreas Antonopoulos

Andreas Antonopoulos, is one of the most important popularizers of Bitcoin today and has written books on blockchain, Bitcoin and Ethereum.

API

From the English Application Programming Interface. It is a set of routines, protocols and tools to develop software applications. APIs specify how software components should interact with each other.

Decentralized API (dAPI)

DAPIs are blockchain-native, decentralized API services, built by combining multiple vendor-operated oracle nodes into aggregated data sources, without the use of third parties. To achieve an end-to-end decentralized system, dAPIs can have a completely open and straightforward governance model from the outset.

APR - Annual Equivalent Rate

Annual Percentage Rate (APR) or Equivalent Annual Rate (APR) refers to the interest rate that is applied to a financial operation over a period of one year, and usually includes nominal interest (TIN) and commissions, expenses, payments and income and allows the performance of different products to be compared in a homogeneous way. It does not usually include compound interest.

APY - Annual Percentage Yield

Annual Percentage Yield (APY) or Annual Percentage Yield is a method to calculate the amount of reward that is earned within a DeFi or CeFi scheme throughout a year. To put it another way, it is a technique to keep track of how the rewards accumulate over the stipulated time for a year.

Aragon

Aragon (ANT), is a framework or development framework focused on facilitating the creation of Decentralized Autonomous Organizations (DAO), allowing their quick and easy construction for any project that needs this type of structure.

Arbitration

Arbitrage refers to the process of buying cryptocurrencies on one exchange at a low price and selling them on another exchange with a higher price.

Merkle tree

A Merkle tree is a structure that relates all the transactions in a block and groups them between pairs in order to obtain a hash that acts as a unique identifier (called Root Hash) for all those transactions.

ASIC

Acronym in English for "Specific Application Integrated Circuit", they are computer equipment specialized in specific computational calculations. There are a wide variety of ASICs specialized in cryptocurrency mining. They were initially developed for the Bitcoin algorithm, but now we can find them for almost all existing algorithms.

ASIC Resistant

Protocol implemented within a cryptocurrency, which prevents the use of ASIC for mining. It occurs in cryptocurrencies based on proof of work (PoW) mining with the aim of avoiding centralization of mining in a few hands with a lot of money.

Asset

It is translated as active. In the world of cryptocurrencies, it refers to a type of token it can uniquely represent whatever it is (physical or not) and is transferred digitally.

Astroturfing

Expression in English that is used to describe fraudulent behavior to cover up a marketing campaign, spam, or any type of promotion. The term describes the basis of the scam in creating the appearance that all the support that the promoted product or person receives, arises spontaneously and is legitimate. In reality, everything is agreed in advance. The term has its roots in the replanting of grass on football fields.

51% attack

A 51% attack is an attempt to gain control of a cryptocurrency, by obtaining 51% or more of the power of the network or the cryptocurrencies of the network.

Attack by Vector76

Vector Attack 76, is a type of double-spending attack attack that takes advantage of a small bug in Bitcoin's consensus system to run. As a result, the attacker can maliciously seize funds and cause losses to their victims.

Eclipse attack

An Eclipse Attack is a type of attack that seeks to isolate and attack a specific user that is part of the blockchain network by causing them to receive false information in order to manipulate them.

Erebus attack

The Erebus Attack is a type of attack capable of affecting the network of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin and derivatives, managing to alter its operation and even making its normal operation impossible.

Finney attack

A Finney Attack is the first known attack or hack on Bitcoin and discovered by the first person to receive a bitcoin transaction, Hal Finney. This is a very special type of double spending attack that affects Bitcoin and any cryptocurrency derived from it.

Replay attack

A Replay attack is one of the most common vulnerabilities that affect blockchains. They are usually executed during the implementation of a hard fork on it, because it is where the best conditions for its implementation are given.

Sybil attack

A Sybil attack refers to when a system is compromised by an entity that controls two or more different identities on a network.

Atomic Swap

An Atomic Swap or Atomic Exchange, is a type of cryptocurrency exchange at an elementary level, where users can exchange currencies from different blockchains without any kind of intermediary.

Automated Market Maker (AMM)

They are autonomous trading mechanisms that eliminate the need for centralized exchanges and related market making techniques through a mathematical formula that determines the price of assets. They allow digital assets to be traded automatically and without permission through liquidity funds that are pre-funded on-chain for both assets of the trading pair. Liquidity is provided by other users who also earn passive income from their deposit through trading fees based on the percentage of the liquidity pool they provide. It is the underlying protocol that powers all decentralized exchanges (DEX).

B

Bit2Me Token (B2M)

Bit2Me Token (B2M) is a utility token created by Bit2Me with the aim of creating a tool that allows promoting the development of this company's products, while enabling a reward system for its holders and opening the doors for development of a decentralized finance ecosystem around this token.

Balancer (BAL)

Balancer (BAL), is one of the great tools of the Ethereum DeFi ecosystem that is focused on the automatic creation of markets, using liquidity pools and offering decentralized currency exchange capacity (DEX).

Whale (Whale)

It is a symbolic term that describes a person or group of them coordinated with each other who monopolize large amounts of a currency and are able to move the market (the tide) to raise or lower prices (the waves).

Basic Attention Token (BAT)

Basic Attention Token (BAT), is an ERC-20 type token that has been designed with a very clear purpose: to integrate with the Brave browser and be the pillar for the construction of an advertising and rewards system that is more respectful of privacy of users on the Internet.

Bear (Markets)

Review the Bear concept

BIP

Bitcoin Improvement Proposal is a procedure that has been consolidated as a standard for proposing new functionalities in Bitcoin. This procedure was proposed and described in BIP0001 by Amir Taaki in 2011.

bitcoin (lowercase)

Refers to the unit of measurement. It is the unit of account of the Bitcoin network. A bitcoin is divisible into 100 million parts, satoshis.

Bitcoin (uppercase)

Protocol and network of payments between users open and free, the property does not belong to any company or government. It is managed with a decentralized ledger called Blockchain through advanced mathematics (cryptography).

Bitcoin Cash

It is a cryptocurrency that was born on August 1, 2017, as a consequence of the most notorious fork of the Bitcoin network so far. It was created with the aim of achieving payments and offering a greater capacity for transactions per second, less commissions and more agile validation. Its most common symbol in markets and places where it is accepted is BCH.

Bitcoin Core

This is the main piece of code and core development that makes Bitcoin working in all its glory possible. It is designed to fully implement the entire Bitcoin protocol, serving as a full node and full wallet.

Bitcoin Days Destroyed

This is an almost exact unit of measurement that expresses the total volume of transactions made per day. Not including the daily transactions that are made only to inflate this value, sending them to their own addresses over and over again.

Bitcoin Evangelist

Denomination of the users who are dedicated to the diffusion of Bitcoin making known its operation, advantages and precautions.

Bitcoin Lead Developer

It is the person whose role is to be the leader of the project and serve as a bridge between the vision of the project and the distributed efforts of all those who support and contribute their talent.

Bitcoin script

The Bitcoin Script is the language that Bitcoin uses to develop, from sending funds to a wallet to allowing the creation of multi-signature accounts.

bitcoins

First Bitcoin client to implement a command protocol using remote procedure calls. It is licensed by MIT in 32bit and 64bit versions for Windows, Mac OS X, and GNU / Linux based systems.

Blockchain

The blockchain (chain of blocks) is a type of distributed network that allows the development of technologies such as cryptocurrencies and what we call the Internet of Value.

Blockchain allowed

It is a private blockchain where its nodes must be previously authorized by a central entity. Transactions incorporated into the ledger, by performing a limited consensus test and by trusted participants. It is easier to maintain and faster than open access networks.

Public blockchain

Unlike a permissioned blockchain, public blockchains like Bitcoin are completely free and public, anyone can be part of it and nobody controls it. They are resistant to censorship, as they prevent any central entity from being able to prevent a transaction from occurring.

blockchain explorer

Website where you can see the information and the status of the transactions of a public blockchain network and therefore, check the status of a transaction made with a certain cryptocurrency.

Blockstack (STX)

Blockstack is a project that aims to expand the functionalities of Bitcoin serving as a second layer protocol, capable of improving the benefits of this cryptocurrency, offering advanced smart contract capabilities and an entire infrastructure designed to deploy DApps in a massive way.

Bloom Filter

Bloom filters are an information analysis function. These allow to determine if a data or set of these are stored within a database or distributed set of data. Its main characteristic is its extreme efficiency in this task.

Block

Fundamental element of the blockchain that miners create and allows linking the transactions made in a network. Blocks are created at time intervals and link new transactions with existing ones on the blockchain. We can affirm that the blockchain is like a digital accounting book, each block would be each of the pages of that ledger.

Genesis Block

The first block that was generated in the Bitcoin network. It was mined by Satoshi Nakamoto on January 3, 2009. By extension, the first block created on the cryptocurrency blockchain is called the genesis block.

Orphan block

They are blocks that have been solved correctly, but for different reasons the rest of the network nodes do not accept it by consensus and are not part of the blockchain.

Trading Bot

Software that issues, edits, cancels and executes purchase and sale orders following a strategy that varies depending on the set of rules introduced.

brainwallet

A brainwallet is a type of cryptocurrency wallet in which the seed phrase of the same is created by ourselves in order to facilitate the support of said wallet, this instead of using an algorithm as is normally done in other types of wallets .

Bull (Markets)

Read definition of Bulls.

Bulletproofs

Bulletproofs are a type of crypto designed to offer high levels of security, anonymity, and speed.

C

Calibrate (Facebook)

Calibra is a company created by Facebook in order to control the future ecosystem of Libra, Facebook's digital currency.

Cardano (ADA)

Cardano (ADA), is a third-generation cryptocurrency and blockchain that has been built based on peer-reviewed studies, which has led it to be considered the “first scientific blockchain in the crypto world”. Its main objective is to be a high-speed, scalable, economical blockchain with advanced capabilities for smart contracts.

CBDC

CDBCs or Central Bank Digital Currencies are a type of digital fiat currency that seeks to gain ground in the world using the power of banks, governments, and the enormous impact that technologies such as blockchain and Bitcoin have managed to achieve with their vision of digital money.

CFD

CFDs, or Contracts for Difference, are financial instruments that are coming to life within the cryptocurrency market and especially in Bitcoin.

ChainLink (LINK)

Chainlink (LINK) is a well-known decentralized oracles project that runs on the Ethereum blockchain, and has become the main interconnection pillar between the real world, DApps and the DeFi ecosystem on this blockchain.

Charlie Lee

Charlie Lee, better known as the father of Litecoin, is a well-known developer in the world of cryptocurrencies since its very early beginnings.

CheckSequenceVerify (CSV)

The CheckSequenceVerify opcode is an interesting Bitcoin functionality that opens the doors to advanced scripts that allow us to make secure payments controlled by programmable time values.

CheckSum (Checksum)

The Checksum is a simple cryptographic function that allows us to verify and know exactly if a Bitcoin address is spelled correctly. A simple utility that allows us to identify typing or other errors. All in order to avoid losing our funds by sending our bitcoins to an address that is badly formed.

Child Pays For Parents

Child Pays For Parent (CPFP) transactions are those in which a transaction with a higher mining fee is created, so that when this new transaction is sent to the network it forces the confirmation of another previous transaction, still unconfirmed

Private key

Set of characters of any type that are generated randomly and that have the function of a unique and non-transferable password. It is generated based on a mathematical algorithm and is always accompanied by another text called the public key. Unlike the public key, the private key must EVER be revealed, given or lost.

Public key

Personal identifier based on our private key that we can fearlessly share with other people. In cryptocurrencies they are used to generate the addresses to which other people will be able to send cryptocurrencies.

Cloud Mining

It consists of renting mining power for a cryptocurrency to a company that offers this service through the Internet.

CLTV (CheckLockTimeVerify)

CLTV or CheckLockTimeVerify is an interesting time-blocking functionality that exists in Bitcoin designed to allow your scripts to perform advanced time schedules on your transactions. A function that allows to program advanced scripts adjusted to the ever increasing demand for functions within Bitcoin.

Coinbase (concept)

Also called "Generation Transaction", it is a special type of transaction in the cryptocurrency protocol such as Bitcoin that, unlike a normal transaction, the origin of the transaction comes "from nowhere". It occurs when a miner creates a block and is the type of transaction through which new cryptocurrencies enter into circulation.

Coinbase (exchange)

It is a money exchange located in San Francisco, California, which allows the exchange of cryptocurrencies for fiat money and vice versa.

Coinbase Maturity

The Coinbase Maturity is a security feature that is applied to the coinbase transactions of a cryptocurrency. Your task is to prevent a miner from being able to use the coins newly generated by his mining until a certain amount of confirmations on that new balance are not fulfilled, and in this way, avoid some security risks and associated double expenses.

the coinjo

CoinJoin is a decentralized and secure currency mixing protocol for Bitcoin and compatible cryptocurrencies, which allows users to improve the privacy and anonymity levels of users, protecting their identities from blockchain and Big Data analysis tools.

CoinSwap

CoinSwap is a decentralized protocol that would allow cryptocurrency users to directly and privately exchange their coins. That is, no intermediary of any kind participates, except for users interested in the exchange.

Cold wallet

Wallet that is not connected to the blockchain, but whose currencies are within the blockchain. It can be a USB that stores coins or a sheet of paper with a QR code.

Collectible token

They are collectible items within the Ethereum blockchain under ERC-721, where each token refers to a unique item with a certain value. The one that has become most popular is CryptoKitties, but there are many others.

colored coins

The colored coins are one of the attempts of the community and cryptocurrency developers to expand the functionality of Bitcoin allowing the creation of tokens to represent other coins or assets of interest on a blockchain.

Network commission

It is the commission that each Bitcoin user pays when making a transaction on this network and is part of the incentives miners receive for their work to keep the network active and operational. Each cryptocurrency establishes the minimum value of the commissions.

Compact block

The Compact Blocks or Compact Blocks is nothing more than a small adaptation to the way in which the protocol can transmit the information of the blocks between the nodes that make up the network.

compound (COMP)

Compound (COMP) is currently one of the most striking DeFi protocols of the moment, and all this thanks to its operating model of liquidity, rewards and governance pools.

With Kolivas

With Kolivas he is an Australian anesthesiologist and self-taught programmer who has done important work in the world of free software. He is known for his project to modify the Linux kernel (the well-known patchset -ck) and for the realization of the cryptocurrency project cgminer.

Consent

The consensus is that all members of the blockchain must agree to the validation of the blocks and their content.

Cosmos (ATOM)

Cosmos (ATOM), is an interesting project that aims to build a blockchain interoperability system, decentralized, fast, secure and inexpensive, to expand the capabilities of this technology.

CPU

Known as the CPU, the Central Processing Unit is the brain of computers and the piece in charge of carrying out the complex calculations necessary for the operation of all computer technology.

Craig Wright

Craig Wright is one of the most controversial characters in the crypto world due to repeated claims of being the identity behind the creator of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto. However, his story and the evidence that he has shown to support his words have earned him the wide mistrust of the community and the title of "Faketoshi."

Cryptoeuro (EUROChain)

The cryptoeuro or EUROChain, is a project that seeks to transform the current euro into a central bank digital currency (CBDC), to transform it into XNUMXst century money.

Cryptography

Cryptography is a technique used to safeguard data and prevent unauthorized third parties from accessing valuable information, altering it for their own benefit or to the detriment of others.

Asymmetric cryptography

Also called public key cryptography, it is used to send messages based on the public key and the private key. Both participate in the encryption of the transferred information, as well as in the verification that the original information has not been altered.

Symmetric cryptography

Called secret key or key cryptography, which is used to encrypt and decrypt the message at the sender and receiver, who have agreed on the key to use to encrypt the message sent by the sender and decrypt it by the receiver.

Cryptojacking

It is a widespread form of illegal cryptocurrency mining. In this type of attack, it is the victim who mine the cryptocurrencies for the attacker, without the latter having requested permission.

Cryptocurrencies

It is a type of cryptographic token based on blockchain technology that acts as a monetary asset since it allows the transfer and reservation of value.

Cross chain swaps

Cross-chain Swaps or Inter-Chain Exchanges are a type of P2P exchange that allows us to safely transform our cryptocurrencies or others, without intermediaries of any kind.

CryptoNight

CryptoNight Mining Algorithm is a mining algorithm intended to be especially CPU efficient and ASIC resistant. This with the aim of allowing a greater decentralization of the mining of cryptocurrencies that apply it, but also, allowing said cryptocurrencies to offer advanced privacy and anonymity options.

Cryptowars

The CryptoWars or Crypto Wars make mention of a series of events carried out by different governments, but especially the United States government for controlling cryptographic technology and in general, violating our right to privacy.

Curve (CRV)

Curve (CRV) is a decentralized exchange (DEX) and a liquidity pool that allows you to trade with stablecoins or stablecoins quickly and easily.

Cynthia dwork

Cynthia Dwork is one of the world's most recognized researchers in the areas of fault-tolerant distributed systems and strong cryptography. His studies, in addition to helping in the fight against "spam", have been fundamental for the creation of Bitcoin several decades later.

Cyphernomicon

One of the most important manifestos of the cypherpunk is The Cyphernomicon, a document that contains concerns, ideas, recommendations and much of the cultural thought of this movement.

Cypherpunk (cypherpunk)

It arises from the mix of 'cipher' and 'cyberpunk'. It is the term used to name activists who promote the use of crypto and technologies that guarantee the privacy of the individual in the exchange of information and value through digital media. This denomination was formally established and spread in 1992 by Timothy May and John Gilmore, among others. The ideas, motivations and proposals of the cypherpunk culture have been condensed since 1994 in a document entitled 'Cyphernomicon'.

D

DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph)

DAGs or Acyclic Directed Graphs are a mathematical and computational construction that would allow the creation of distributed systems and networks with many functional similarities by those offered with blockchain technology.

DAI

The DAI cryptocurrency (DAI) is an ERC-20 token that has been designed to function as a stablecoin or stablecoin whose value is anchored to the dollar. This currency is issued in a decentralized way thanks to the collateralization of guarantees that serve to guarantee its issuance at all times.

DAICO

Evolution of an ICO. The investment is raised entirely in the ICO phase but the funds are released as development progresses, established milestones are reached, or proven funding is needed. The DAICO was created so that investors have control of liquidity.

Daniel kraft

Daniel Kraft, is one of the developers that are part of the Namecoin Core Team, and is the main developer of NameID, the identity project on this blockchain.

DAO

The Spanish translation is an Independent Autonomous Organization. They are decentralized, open source systems that do not need a human operator or controller. They can function independently of their developers and third parties once previously agreed requirements are met and reflected in a smart contract.

DAPP

They are decentralized applications that run autonomously, storing the data within the blockchain and that operate according to the established parameters.

Dash (DASH)

In its quest to become a mass-use payment option, Dash (DASH) has evolved to become the equivalent of digital money. For that reason we invite you to get to know Dash and the interesting technology it has to offer us.

David Chaum

David Chaum is a pioneer of cryptography applied to the digital medium. He was one of the first people to develop tools to protect privacy in the transfer of information and value.

DCEP (Digital Yuan)

DCEP is the world's largest central bank digital currency project or CBDC, and part of China's plans to expand its economic, commercial and political influence around the world.

Decentraland (MANA)

Decentraland (MANA) is a blockchain and metaverse platform, which allows you to acquire virtual land and participate in a unique virtual community, which seeks to create a unique virtual experience.

DeFi (Decentralized Finance)

DeFi is an ecosystem of smart contracts and decentralized applications that aim to build a series of financial services supported on blockchain technology, allowing them to be completely decentralized, secure and with global reach.

Deflation

Process of the economy where the cost of the products falls causing the value of the fiduciary money to increase. It also generates a hoarding of fiduciary money to acquire products at the lowest possible price.

Decentralization

Fundamental element in a cryptocurrency and one of the basic properties. It is based on the fact that it is the users and not private companies, states or other centralized organizations that validate the operations and determine the value of a currency.

Decentralized

Term used to indicate that behind a cryptocurrency and its blockchain network, there is no private company, body, code of a third party or State that regulates, controls or manipulates it.

DEX - Decentralized Exchange

It is a peer-to-peer (P2P) market that connects buyers and sellers of cryptocurrencies without the need for custody, which means that the user maintains control of their private keys when making transactions on the DEX platform. In the absence of a central authority, DEXs employ smart contracts that execute themselves under set conditions and record each transaction on the blockchain.

Difficulty

It is the value that indicates the degree of complexity of the problem or riddle to be solved in a Proof-of-Work blockchain network. It is variable and its value depends on the power of the network and that of the miner. Automatically adjusts based on network status.

Bitcoin address

It is an identifier of between 27 and 34 alphanumeric characters and that usually begins with 1 or 3. They are generated in a simple way by a type of program called a wallet or purse. Bitcoin is a system based on asymmetric cryptography, therefore, when a Bitcoin address is generated, you generate two keys: public and private. A Bitcoin address is simply the public key, the one you use to receive the money and display as your Bitcoin “account number”.

Bitcoin Change Address

They are addresses implemented in Bitcoin wallets that allow the user to return 'the change'. This change is similar to the one we receive when we go to buy and they return the difference between the amount given and the amount charged by the store.

Multi-signature management

Multi-signature addresses are Bitcoin addresses that, unlike standard Bitcoin addresses, can be managed by many people at the same time.

Discrete Log Contracts (DLC)

The Discrete Log Contracts or DLC, are a proposal to make Bitcoin have a smart contract implementation that allows the creation of blockchain oracles that are simple to implement, safe and easy to use.

DLT (Distributed Ledger Technology)

Acronym for Distributed Ledger Technology. It is a term that encompasses the entire category of decentralized networks or distributed consensus systems that exist. The category of 'DLT networks' share the characteristic that they do not need a central database or a central decision-making entity. The first functional and operational DLT was the Bitcoin blockchain network, which has been operating without pause since 2009.

Domain Name System (DNS)

The acronym DNS is the initials of Domain Name System (System of Domain Names). This hierarchical nomenclature system for networks, in addition to being distributed, acts as a translator for the domain names.

Double Spending

Fraudulent operation of money of a digital nature that is based on using the same currencies twice to buy or pay for something. This type of counterfeiting is one of the main problems that Bitcoin solves.

DoS

DoS attacks are a type of computer attack used by cybercriminals to temporarily disable computer systems and services, preventing access to them by legitimate users of said system.

DPoS

It is a consensus protocol designed for highly scalable blockchains. This algorithm was created by Daniel Larimer in 2014.

dump

Dump is a price manipulation scheme where the price of an asset is managed to fall.

Dusting Attack

It is one of the most used malicious attacks on the blockchain in order to break the privacy of cryptocurrency users.

E

ECDSA (Elliptic Curve Digital Secure Algorithm)

ECDSA stands for Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm. This system is used to create a digital signature that allows third-party verification without compromising security.

EdDSA (Edwards-curve Digital Signature Algorithm)

The EdDSA cryptographic signature scheme is one of the most secure cryptographic digital signature systems of the moment and whose evolution does not stop. EdDSA is currently clearly demonstrating what it promises, safety, efficiency and speed.

Ethereum Improvements Proposals (EIPs)

The EIP or Ethereum Improvements Proposals, is a documentary structure that allows to standardize the development of improvements within Ethereum, allowing anyone to present their proposals and thus improve the development of this blockchain.

Emission

It is the speed at which new coins are created and released within the network of a cryptocurrency. Also known as the Emission Curve, Emission Rate or Emission Plan.

EOS

EOS is a blockchain platform designed with a very simple objective: to be a blockchain with commercial capacity. This means that it is capable of deploying decentralized applications (DApps), being highly scalable and serving millions of concurrent users.

EOSREX

EOSREX was created in order to create a dynamic and decentralized market in which users could sell resources such as CPU, network or memory within EOS, thus allowing people to use its resources and make money from them.

Equihash

Equihash, is a cryptocurrency mining algorithm that uses the well-known "Birthday Problem" to indicate a proof of work complex enough to guarantee the security of the network that implements this algorithm. It is used in cryptocurrencies such as Zcash (ZEC) and derivatives.

Equilibrium

Equilibrium is an interesting decentralized finance (DeFi) project created on the EOS blockchain, with the aim of creating a high-speed, low-cost and easily accessible cross-chain DeFi and DEX system.

ERC-1155

The ERC-1155 token is a new type of standard token within Ethereum with the ability to change the landscape of DApps within this blockchain, thanks to its multitoken capacity and a new number of functions designed to provide a better user experience. and programming.

ERC-20

An ERC-20 token is nothing more than a smart contract that has a pre-established data structure. This structure is intended to facilitate the implementation of various functionalities on the Ethereum blockchain thus facilitating the creation work for developers.

ERC-721

The ERC 721 tokens of the Ethereum network base their existence and operation on the enhancement of digital scarcity to take advantage of the effect created by limited editions of products. Unlike ERC-20 tokens, its appeal lies in how its peculiarity enhances its facet of being collected.

Eric Hughes

Eric Hughes is an American mathematician, cryptographer and computer programmer. His popularity finds its origin in his participation in the founding of the cypherpunk movement.

Erik zhang

Erik Zhang, is a well-known cryptocurrency developer, known for practically building the NEO cryptocurrency and its dBFT consensus protocol by his own effort.

Digital shortage

Digital scarcity is a new concept that addresses the limitation of resources in digital format. It is closely related to blockchain technology and the maintenance of its decentralized economic system.

Escrow

They are guarantee deposit contracts where the money is in the reserve phase through a third party that guarantees the compliance of the parties involved.

Austrian School

The Austrian School is one of the most important currents of economic thought in the world, and whose principles, we can see in many of the economic facets of the world of cryptocurrencies.

ETF

An ETF is a financial tool that facilitates the adoption of securities within different markets so that they can be managed by investors and companies in a more comfortable way, also having strong protection and regulation.

Ethereum

An open source network based on blockchain technology whose proposal is the development of decentralized applications with the intention of avoiding censorship, fraud attempts or third party interference in them. At the same time, it is the name given to the cryptocurrency that supports the network.

Ethereum Classic

Ethereum Classic is the project that followed the original path of the Ethereum blockchain after becoming one of the most debated hard forks on the network.

Ethereum Foundation

The Ethereum Foundation is a non-profit entity that dedicates efforts to maximize the development of Ethereum as a technology and community around the world.

Evan Duffield

Evan Duffield, is a well known American software developer. Duffield is responsible for creations such as the X11 mining algorithm and Dash, a cryptocurrency focused on making instant transactions and with support for anonymous transactions.

EVM (Ethereum Virtual Machine)

The EVM or Ethereum Virtaul Machine, is a complete Turing virtual machine, whose mission is to execute the programming code of Ethereum operations. The Ethereum nodes operate within the EVM in order to maintain the consensus of the blockchain.

Exchange

Digital exchange house that allows exchanging fiat money for cryptocurrencies and / or cryptocurrencies with each other.

Centralized Exchange (CEX)

Centralized digital exchange house that allows the deposit of funds in an account or wallet within the exchange and it is the platform itself that performs the exchange for us, according to the data parameters.

Decentralized Exchange (DEX)

Decentralized digital exchange house based on blockchain and open source. No one is in control of a DEX, it is the buyers and sellers who trade using a peer-to-peer exchange application.

Hybrid Exchange (Hybrid Crypto Exchange or HEX)

Hybrid digital exchange house that offers the functionalities and liquidity of CEX platforms as well as the confidentiality and security of DEX platforms. These systems are still under development.

F

Fabian birdcage

Fabian Vogelsteller, is a programmer well known for his important work related to DApps and smart contracts in Ethereum.

Byzantine fault

It is a condition of a computer system, specifically distributed computer systems. This condition occurs when one or more components have failed and there is no precise information on whether a component has failed, or if the system information is correct.

Faucet

They are websites that give you a small fraction of a cryptocurrency for performing a simple action (for example filling in a captcha). They were created to promote Bitcoin and that anyone could access this cryptocurrency and circulate it. Today there are faucets of almost any cryptocurrency on the market.

Fairy

Commission charged when any transaction is made within a blockchain.

Fiat (fiat money)

Trust money in current use. The paper money that the different states or group of these issue. Examples: Euro, Dollar, Yuan, Ruble, Pound, etc.

Filecoin (FIL)

Filecoin (FIL) is a blockchain network that seeks to create a huge network of decentralized data storage nodes, which works based on smart contracts and a native token known as FIL.

Strict DER signatures

Strict signatures DER (Distinguished Encoding Rules) are a type of encoding used to guarantee the suitability of a digital signature under any environment, and are used in Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies to ensure the validity of signatures. digital.

Flippening

Moment expected by Ethereum fans when their market cap will exceed Bitcoin's market cap.

Flipping

Investment strategy where an asset is bought to resell it at a higher price in a short period of time. It can be understood both in the context of intra-day investment and in investing in ICOs before they go on sale in markets.

FLOW

Flow (FLOW) is a blockchain project and token focused on offering high operating speed and advanced smart contract capabilities specially designed for the world of DApps, games and the DeFi world.

FOMO

Acronym of "Fear Of Missing Out". In Spanish: Fear of Staying Out. Term to define a state of mind of people within a market in the face of the possibility of missing an investment with possible potential gains such as due to the rise in asset prices, either due to objective evidence or rumors and positive news.

Fork (fork of chains)

The "forks ” or divisions of the chains, generate an alternative version of the blockchain in which they happen. In this way, there are two blockchains that coexist simultaneously. An example of them are Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. There are two types of fork: Hard fork y Soft Fork.

Fork (software fork)

A fork in a software project occurs when developers take the source code of an existing project and modify it to create a new project. An example of this is Litecoin, which was born out of the Bitcoin source code.

FPGA

These are tiny semiconductor devices that have the ability to program to perform very specific actions quickly and efficiently.

FUD

Acronym of "Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt". In Spanish: Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt. Term to define a state of mind of people within a market before a possible fall in asset prices, either due to objective evidence or rumors and negative news.

fudster

Person who extends FUD.

Full node

They are all the nodes that completely verify all the rules of a cryptocurrency. In Bitcoin, the software for full nodes is called the Bitcoin Core.

full-wallet

They are the base wallets of cryptocurrency projects, implementing not only a complete node of it but also all its functionalities.

Bitcoin Futures

Bitcoin futures are contracts that commit to buy or sell a certain amount of bitcoin in the future at a price already stipulated by the parties in advance.

G

Gas (Ethereum)

Gas is a unit of measurement used to measure the work done by Ethereum to carry out transactions or any interaction within the network.

Gavin Andresen

He was one of the main developers of bitcoin since its inception and was the one who took the baton of the project once Satoshi Nakamoto retired from it. He was primarily responsible for transforming the bitcoin code into what it is now and enabling its technological evolution.

GitHub

The world's largest free and open source repository. This is where the Bitcoin code and all the contributions made to it are located. Here, developers and researchers publish their software or code so that everyone has access and can modify or use it for their systems.

Gossip Protocol

The Gossip protocol is a protocol that enables the design of highly efficient, secure and low latency distributed communication systems.

GPU

GPUs are a special processing unit designed to perform complex computations for computer graphics quickly and efficiently. Although in the crypto world, they are used to do cryptocurrency mining work.

Candlestick Chart

It is a form of graphical representation used to display the historical prices of an asset within a market, allowing the user to obtain a large amount of valuable information quickly and easily.

Graftroot

Graftroot is an improvement designed to expand the capabilities of Taproot, a proposal that seeks to offer Bitcoin better capabilities for its programming language by enabling the creation of more powerful smart contracts.

Gregory Maxwell

Gregory Maxwell, is a recognized developer of cryptographic systems, streams and coding in the world of free software.

GRIN

GRIN is one of the most recent cryptocurrencies that have emerged in the crypto world and that has attracted attention due to its interesting work scheme, its high scalability and focus on privacy.

H

Hal finney

Hal Finney is a true pioneer - he was the first person to run Bitcoin software after Satoshi Nakamoto and was a key developer during the first year of the cryptocurrency's life.

Halving

Event that serves to halve the reward of Proof-of-Work miners operating on the blockchain network. Each cryptocurrency establishes, every few blocks this automatic adjustment is made. In Bitcoin it is every 210.000 blocks mined.

Hard fork

A forced fork of a blockchain, which is usually the case when a major change in the software code of one network is implemented and the new version of it does not recognize the blocks of the other.

Hash

Technically, a hash is an exit code (unique and alphanumeric) that we obtain from applying an algorithm (hash function) on an input string (plain text, an image, a video ...), which allows us to know if said original string has been altered.

Hash Rate

It is the speed with which a processor generates hash values ​​over a period of time. The usual unit of measurement is hashes / second (h / s).

HashCash

HashCash was a solution designed to combat spam by generating a proof of work that allowed verifying that a certain email was not spam.

HashGraph

Hashgraph is an interesting DLT and consensus protocol technology that seeks to compete with blockchain technology by offering security and high performance, without giving up decentralization. An entire ecosystem is built on it that includes cryptocurrencies, smarts cotracts, identity and much more.

HODL

Typographical error by a Bitcointalk forum user in 2013. User changed Holding to Hodling. The bug became popular and is now commonly used as an acronym for 'Hold on to dear life' or 'keep as if it were life in it'.

Hot Wallet

Wallet that is always connected to the blockchain. Stored currencies can be quickly exchanged with other members of the network or used to trade.

HTML

HTLC or Hash Time Locked Contract are a type of smart contracts or smart contract that are used to create payments channels in Bitcoin and other compatible cryptocurrencies.

Hybrid PoS / PoW

They are blockchain networks that combine Work test and Participation test to get consensus online. These networks seek parity between miners and holders or voters, through a community management system where both participate.

Hyperledger

Hyperledger, is a blockchain and DLT technology project promoted by the Linux Foundation, together with a huge and varied group of large technology companies that are interested in applying this technology in their different productive spaces, and thus improve security and trust of your processes.

I

ICO

Translated into Spanish as an initial offer of currency, it is how the creation of a token is called as a means of financing a project based on the blockchain network in its development phase.

Sovereign Identity

It is a form of digital identity in which the user has full control of their data. In addition to allowing you to manage who can access them and on what terms.

IEO (Initial Exchange Offering)

IEOs or Initial Exchange Offers are tools that seek to be a safer substitute for the well-known ICOs and thus provide a door that opens the way to financing projects on blockchain and DLT technology in the world.

Inflation

Process of the economy where the cost of products increases causing the value of fiat money to decrease, causing people to spend only on basic products.

Input

In a bitcoin or cryptocurrency transaction, each input or entry refers to the addresses from which the cryptocurrencies are received. That is, the directions from which the coins 'enter'.

Instant Send (Dash)

Dash InstantSend is an option that allows you to make instant payments and with low commissions.

Compound interest

It is the interest that is obtained by the principal amount (the money contributed to an account) added to the interests that have accrued during a certain period of time. Compound interest allows you to create money over time, making it a powerful investment instrument. It differs from simple interest, in that it refers to the return generated only by the main deposit.

IOTA

IOTA (IOTA) a network and cryptocurrency project based on DAG technology and which aims to be the bridge that unites all the IoT devices in the world under a high speed, scalability and security network.

IPFS (Inter Planetary File System)

IPFS or InterPlanetary File System, is a decentralized file system that seeks to guarantee the security, privacy and resistance to censorship of your data.

J

Jameson Lopp

Jameson Lopp is one of the Bitcoin developers with the greatest programming capabilities and with a high activity in the community with which he interacts daily through social networks

Jeff garkzik

He is one of the initial developers of Bitcoin and has been involved in many projects to improve its capabilities, especially developments aimed at improving its scalability and usability.

John gilmore

John Gilmore, is one of the most recognized programmers in the world for his diverse work in favor of the creation of computer networks and their security. A recognized activist for digital freedoms, knowledge and free software, Gilmore is a well-known authority in the world of computing and cypherpunk.

jude milhon

A civil rights activist, feminist and hacker, Jude Milhon is another of the women who have left their indelible mark on the history of computing around the world. Jude was a myth in life, to the point of being known as “Sta. Jude, the patron saint of hackers ”.

John perry barlow

John Perry Barlow was one of the founders of the Electronic Frontier Foundation. This poet, essayist, rancher and composer of letters was a cyber activist and techno-libertarian with a lot of visibility between the eighties and the first decade of this century.

K

Kusama (KSM)

Kusama (KSM) is Polkadot's Canarian or test network, and is focused on offering the latest technology that the Polkadot development team can offer through Substrate.

KYC (Know Your Customer)

Its literal translation is: 'Know your client'. Process by which an entity or company that carry out a business or transaction must identify with the other actor with whom they carry out the operation. The idea is to verify the legitimacy and the existence of the client.

kWU (Thousand Weight Units)

Unit of weight used to compare the size of the different Bitcoin transactions with each other in proportion to the maximum limit of the block size given by the consensus. Weight Units are also used in place of bytes, so you get a discount if you try to fit more transaction data into a separate space rather than the actual block (which is still 1MB). This is the reason why, for example, sending from a wallet that supports SegWit is much cheaper than sending from one that does not support it.

L

Lambo

Term used to obtain great benefits with a cryptocurrency or get rich with it. It refers to buying a Lamborghini with the benefits obtained.

Ledger

Its translation is General Ledger and consists of an accounting record of all transactions in a file or database since the beginning of money and commerce. Cryptocurrency blockchain networks have the ability to create distributed digital ledgers. There are different types of ledger in the digital age.

Pound (Facebook)

Facebook's Libra digital currency is the company's new project of the “Like” button. Although it is based on blockchain technology and tries to take advantage of emerging markets and technologies of cryptocurrencies, is it really a cryptocurrency? We explain it to you below.

MIT license

A free license that allows anyone to obtain a copy of this software and associated documentation files. It allows to treat the software without restrictions, including rights of use,

Lightning Network

Decentralized micro-payment system that generates a channel for transactions, which aims to streamline transactions and reduce commissions. It is in the development phase and can be implemented on the blockchain of any cryptocurrency.

management

Liquidity is a characteristic of the markets that allows us to recognize if it is possible to buy or sell an asset quickly and smoothly within that market.

Liquidity mining

Liquidity mining or liquidity mining, is a characteristics and strategy that focuses on encouraging the injection of liquidity in the protocol in exchange for distributing a series of tokens among users that give access to the governance of the project and that can also be exchanged for better rewards or for other cryptocurrencies.

Liquidity Network

Liquidity Network is an off-chain payment network built on Ethereum in order to enable an instant transaction system.

lightweight wallets

They are wallets for Bitcoin or other cryptocurrencies that are installed on our computer and that take up less space on our hard drive and allow faster synchronization, since it is not necessary to download the complete information from the blockchain to use it properly.

Litecoin (LTC)

Cryptocurrency that arises from the implementation of the Bitcoin code with a series of modifications, including the frequency of issuance of the blocks and the number of units of coins to be distributed. It was launched by Charlie Lee on October 7, 2011, and its logo is silver because it aspires to be the 'silver' of the crypto world, where the 'gold' would be Bitcoin.

Luke dashjr

Luke Dashjr is one of the world's most prolific developers of free software and Bitcoin. A great freedom activist who has put all his effort into making Bitcoin and GNU / Linux an even better ecosystem.

M

Mainnet

It is the main Bitcoin network, where the transactions of this cryptocurrency are registered and take place. The bitcoins on the mainnet are those that have real value.

Maker

A maker is the one who creates an order in an exchange and specifies the conditions that he considers convenient, such as prices, quantity of the value to sell or buy, the form of payment, among others. And wait for someone to agree to these conditions and execute the operation.

MakerDAO

MakerDAO is a project that joins a DAO together with a crypto-collateralized stablecoin called DAI, to create a complete DeFi ecosystem that allows loans, savings and much more on the Ethereum blockchain.

Transaction readability

The malleability of transactions refers to the ability for an attacker to modify or alter the hash that identifies a transaction within the blockchain. A situation that can undoubtedly alter and generate serious problems within a payment system such as cryptocurrencies.

Margin Trading

Margin trading or trading with leverage is a form of trading where the positions you take are leveraged by the broker or platforms you use to participate in the markets. This with the aim of multiplying the profits you can have with your successful operations, but at the same time, multiplying your chances of losing everything.

Mark Karpèles

Mark Karpelès is one of the most important figures in the world of cryptocurrency exchanges, known mainly for being the owner of the Mt.Gox exchange and being accused of the loss of more than 850 thousand BTC after the hack of this exchange.

Martin hellman

Martin Hellman, is one of the most important researchers in the world of cryptography, being a pioneer in the research of asymmetric cryptography. In fact, their work laid the foundations of what would be the future of this branch of computer security and computing.

Martti malmi

Martti Malmi, is a well-known developer who supported the development of Bitcoin in the beginning, to the point of being the one who will be in charge of making this protocol in a multiplatform, allowing its expansion and adoption by more and more people in the world.

MASF

A MASF is a mechanism by which blockchain miners can introduce new updates without affecting its operation.

MAST

MAST or Merkelized Abstract Syntax Trees, is an important development with which several tools are being created that will allow them to take Bitcoin to a new level and even give it greater potential to create advanced smart contracts.

Master Private Key

The Master Private Key or Master Private Key is a 256 bit key generated from a seed phrase that allows the creation of an infinite number of keys in a deterministic wallet or HD wallet.

Master Public Key

It allows you to create as many public addresses as you want of a Bitcoin wallet based on a Master Private Key, which implements a commitment that prevents an attacker from spending what is stored in this wallet. It is usually used to enable offline storage and spending or what is the same, the operations are performed with a non-network connected equipment and the result is transported in a USB to a network connected equipment. It is the system used by physical or hardware wallets.

Masternode

It is a type of node that is responsible for processing blockchhain transactions and receives a reward when a block is mined. They are characterized because to run a masternode on a network you must have a significant amount of cryptocurrencies on that network frozen.

Record high (markets)

It is the highest price a cryptocurrency or any other asset has reached in its entire history. In English the acronym ATH (All Time High) is often used.

Mempool

It is short for Memory Pool. Set of unconfirmed transactions on a blockchain. Every time a transaction is made, it goes directly to the mempool, then the miners take groups of transactions to build the blocks.

Merged Mining

Merged mining or combined mining is a protocol that allows two different blockchains that share the same consensus protocol and hash function to be mined together without loss of performance and maintaining a high level of security.

Dappradar

MetaMask is a wallet project that allows us to manage funds to interact more easily with the different DApps that run on the Ethereum network, and all this through a simple extension for web browsers.

MimbleWimble

This is a protocol that seeks to offer a revolutionary privacy, security and scalability to the world of cryptocurrencies.

Mining

Cryptocurrency mining is the process of solving a mathematical problem to secure a distributed network. Mining is financially incentivized: the miner receives new cryptocurrencies recently issued by the program in addition to the transaction fees that he adds to the block.

Miner

Anything that tries to solve the mathematical challenge of a blockchain network based on Proof Of Work. They are typically computer hardware components dedicated exclusively to solving these problems.

Historical low (markets)

It is the lowest price a cryptocurrency or any other asset has ever reached in its entire history. In English the acronym ATL (All Time Low) is often used.

Mixer

A coin mixer is a special feature designed by the crypto community to allow non-anonymity-focused cryptocurrency users to mix their coins with that of other users for a better level of privacy and anonymity, thus avoiding tracking and marking of these currencies by centralized entities and the activities that their users have had with them.

Off-Ledger Currency

It is a coin that is issued outside the ledger and is used in this ledger. As an example it could be a ledger distributed from a national fiat currency.

On-Ledger Coin

It is a currency that is issued within the ledger and used within it. Any cryptocurrency fulfills this, such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, etc.

Monero (XMR)

Monero (or XMR by its market identifier) ​​is an open source cryptocurrency created in April 2014. This cryptocurrency has a high level of privacy and decentralization.

MPC Wallet

An MPC Wallet or multi-party computing Wallet, is a special type of cryptocurrency wallet in which the access keys to it are divided into several computer devices, using a multi-signature scheme and zero-knowledge tests that makes them especially more secure other known wallet options.

Mt Gox

Mt.Gox was the largest and most important exchange in the world of cryptocurrencies, it came to concentrate more than 70% of the Bitcoin market, until its fall due to a hack that led to the loss of more than 800 thousand BTC.

Multisignal (multi-signatures)

They are wallets that require more than one key for transactions to be authorized. It serves to distribute the responsibility for the possession of cryptocurrencies and prevent theft, manipulation or others without the rest of the members being aware of it.

N

NEO

NEO, is a cryptocurrency created with the purpose of creating a “smart economy” using secure, scalable consensus protocol and with the ability to execute smart contracts.

Namecoin

Namecoin, is a project whose objective is to create a decentralized and secure DNS and identity system using blockchain technology.

Nano

Nano (NANO) is a cryptocurrency project that uses DAG technology instead of blockchain, to offer a platform focused on fast payments and without commissions of any kind.

NFT (Non-Fungible Token)

NFT tokens or non-fungible tokens are a solution created to allow us to represent objects with unique, unrepeatable and indivisible qualities within a blockchain.

Nick szabo

Nick Szabo, is known as the father of smart contracts and digital currency projects such as Bit Gold, a precursor project to what would be Bitcoin almost 10 years later.

nLockTime

nLockTime is the first time-lock feature that Bitcoin had since its inception and was designed by Satoshi Nakamoto, as a way to allow scheduled transactions and triggered by time parameters within the Bitcoin protocol.

Node

Within the blockchain network, nodes are computers that connect to the network and have an updated copy of the blockchain. Together with the miners, they are the guarantors that the network works properly. Nodes in Bitcoin are very important because they help the mission of keeping the network decentralized.

Pruned Node

These are a type of full node that allows us to take advantage of their enormous security, but reducing their blockchain storage requirements so that we can run them on practically any device.

Seed Node

A seed node is a special node that allows the incorporation of new nodes to the network and maintains the strength of the network at all times, by allowing them to synchronize and obtain a copy of the data from the blockchain, replicating it and adding resistance and security to it.

Nonce

It means "number that only used once" and is of vital importance alongside the hash in verifying the data of the Bitcoin blockchain network.

Nonce Blinding Protocol (NBP)

The nonce blinding protocol is a protocol designed to improve the security of our hardware wallets or multi-device wallets, by adding a cryptographic mechanism capable of minimizing the impact of vulnerabilities such as side-channel attacks or supply chain attacks.

nSequence

It is an operation code that allows time blocks in Bitcoin and helps us to program certain conditions in the transactions that must be fulfilled in the first place, so that this transaction can be accepted on the network permanently. Such programming is given in the sequence field of each of the Bitcoin transactions when requested.

O

Op_code

The operation codes of the Bitcoin Script, are a series of instructions in machine language that allow the execution or completion of certain specific tasks.

OmiseGo (OMG)

The OmiseGO (OMG) project is a payment system project that seeks to unite the world of cryptocurrency payments with that of traditional payments, using a unique and high-speed infrastructure, which allows banks, businesses, exchanges and customers to use your cryptocurrencies or fiat money quickly, easily and with complete interoperability.

Oracle

Oracles are automated systems that obtain information from different media or users to enter them into the blockchain network that will be used in smart contracts. It is something contributed by the Ethereum network.

Bear (markets)

Investor with pessimistic sentiment about the market price that expects a decrease in it. The bears establish a relationship of duality and contrast with the bulls.

OTC (Over-The-Counter)

They are a type of operations or transactions that do not operate or quote within a formal exchange. It is a legal form of trading used by many companies to participate in a cryptocurrency market without generating adverse reactions, maintaining privacy and saving money on investment.

Output

In a bitcoin or cryptocurrency transaction, each output or output refers to the addresses to which the money is sent. That is, the directions to which the coins 'exit'.

P

P2P

They are networks between peers or also point-to-point calls. It refers to decentralized networks where information is shared between two users by connecting to the network or the internet without any other intermediary than a software that connects them.

P2PK

The P2PK block script is the initial script model that Bitcoin used to send and receive cryptocurrencies in its early days. A simple and elegant script model that allowed us to explore the power of Bitcoin and that would open the doors to this interesting technology.

P2PKH

It is the technical name that standard Bitcoin addresses receive, they are the property of a single user. They all start with number 1.

P2SH

It is the technical name that Bitcoin multi-signature addresses receive, they are owned by two or more users and prevent an individual from spending the coins freely. They all start with number 3.

Payment Channels

Payments Channels are a technology designed to allow instant payments without custody between two or more people who use a cryptocurrency. This in order to offer a better payment experience with excellent security and very low commissions.

Petro (CBDC Venezuela)

The Petro is a central bank digital currency created by Venezuela using blockchain technology. The main objective of its creation was to allow an economic restart to the South American nation and at the same time to establish itself as an opponent against the dollar.

Phil Zimmerman

Phil Zimmermann is an American cryptographer responsible for the creation of the symmetric and asymmetric cryptography software, Pretty Good Privacy (PGP).

Pizza Day (Bitcoin)

It is commemorated on May 22, 2010, when Lazslo Hayneck exchanged 10.000 Bitcoin for two pizzas at the American chain Papa John's. It is considered the first bitcoin transaction for a material good.

Development platform (Development Platforms)

Special environments focused on the development and creation of applications supported within a blockchain. They are cloud development systems that allow fairly agile development.

Polka dots (DOT)

Polkadot (DOT), is an innovative blockchain project that aims to create a secure interconnection infrastructure between different blockchains, while providing scalability possibilities and new functionalities to them.

Polygon (MATIC)

Polygon (MATIC) is a scalability project that allows decentralized applications to run on a network with lower commissions, higher speed and interoperability with the Ethereum network.

Mining pool

Combination of resources of several miners to obtain a greater mining power and thus obtain greater rewards for the opening of blocks. There are some that are public and some that are private.

Portfolio

Portfolios or investment portfolios are known as a set of financial tools that an investor possesses and that are used to multiply their financial assets. Learn more about these tools and why cryptocurrencies are an excellent option to build investment portfolios.

PrivateSend

It is a Dash feature that allows private transactions. But not only that, but also said transactions are completely anonymous.

Proof of Authority (PoA)

It is an advanced consensus protocol that makes use of identity and reputation to choose transaction validators within its blockchain. This aims to have high scalability.

Proof of Burn (POB)

Proof of Burn (PoB) is a particular consensus protocol in which miners gain the power to mine a block by "burning" a portion of the tokens they have in their possession.

Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET)

This is a consensus algorithm in which very specific instructions from Intel processors (Intel SGX) are used to create a powerful and highly scalable cryptographic proof that enables high-performance blockchain for industries, such as HyperLedger from the Linux Foundation.

Proof of Stake (PoS)

In Spanish it can be translated by 'proof of participation' and is a system for validating transactions on a network based on a series of masternodos that store cryptocurrencies in a wallet or wallet.

Proof of Work (PoW)

In Spanish 'proof of work' is a system for validating network transactions by solving mathematical operations through specialized computer equipment.

Protocol 0x

The 0x protocol, developed in Project 0x, is one of the greatest advances in the creation of fully decentralized exchange applications on Ethereum blockchains, without being exempt from security and speed.

Pump

English term that expresses a remarkable and sudden rise in the value of a cryptocurrency. They can be caused by a person or group of these or by some event of scope that generates a massive movement of purchases of a cryptocurrency.

Q

Burning tokens

It is the elimination of a certain number of tokens by the developer team of a specific project. All burned tokens automatically stop working and have value.

R

Ralph Merkle

Ralph Merkle, is one of the most recognized computer scientists and cryptographers in the world thanks to the creation of public key encryption and Merkle trees.

RandomX

RandomX, is the name of the new mining algorithm for Monero, the privacy currency and whose objective is to keep the network protected from ASIC mining, allowing only mining per CPU, and at the same time providing enormous security to its protocol and blockchain.

Block reward

It is the obtaining of cryptocurrencies after correctly solving a block. It is obtained as compensation for the work done by the validation of the blocks.

Centralized network

It is a network where information is distributed from a single point.

Decentralized network

Node based system where the information is distributed in a tree scheme. The central nodes distribute information to the intermediate nodes and these in turn can decide whether or not to distribute the information.

Distributed network

Any receiver of information can be a sender of information. Recipients choose the source of information they consider. Social networks, and more specifically Twitter, can represent this scheme, where the recipient of information can also provide information.

RenBTC

RenBTC is an ERC-20 token that is part of the Ren Protocol project, which allows a decentralized representation of Bitcoin within Ethereum.

RenVM

RenVM, is one of the creations of Ren Protocol, this is a virtual machine that runs on a second layer protocol built on Ethereum and, whose purpose is to allow the creation of anchored tokens controlled by a completely decentralized infrastructure.

Replace by Fee (RBF)

System to modify an unmodified transaction. To avoid denial of service attacks, it is required that the new transaction that replaces the old one, must pay its commission and the commission of the transaction that it must replace.

Rig

A mining rig is an arrangement of hardware elements, either CPU, GPU, FPGA or ASIC that have been arranged to perform cryptocurrency mining.

Ripple

It is considered as the cryptocurrency of traditional banking and is classified as a centralized cryptocurrency. It is designed for banking transactions, making them agile, validated in a matter of seconds and with extremely low commissions.

Roger See

A successful entrepreneur and a great visionary, Roger Ver is one of the people who fit between these two definitions within the world of cryptocurrencies. From a very early moment, Ver opted for Bitcoin and blockchain technology, becoming one of the largest investors in the sector, a tireless promoter of the technology, which led him to earn the nickname "Bitcoin Jesus".

RSK

RSK (RootStock) is a platform designed in order to allow the creation of smarts contracts or smart contracts within the Bitcoin blockchain, but without changing anything in the operation of Bitcoin.

S

Satoshi

A satoshi is the minimum unit in which a bitcoin can be divided and is equivalent to 0.00000001 Bitcoin (BTC) It owes its name to the name of the creator of Bitcoin, Satoshi Nakamoto.

Satoshi Nakamoto

Pseudonym of the person (or group of people) who developed and spread the original idea of ​​Bitcoin and the world's first blockchain network. Its true name is not known or if it is a natural person, set of people or companies.

Scrypt

It is a lighter and faster cryptographic algorithm than SHA-256, therefore, the processing time is lower and simpler components such as processors and graphics cards in common use are required. This algorithm is much more memory dependent than CPU computing power.

Security Token

Security tokens are cryptographic tokens similar to any other, but linked to traditional securities.

Seed Phrase

The phrase seed or seed phrase, refers to a set of between 12 to 24 words, which are intended to offer us an easy and simple way to support our cryptocurrency wallet.

followed

Segregated Witness technology supposes a change in the format of Bitcoin transactions that was proposed by the Blockstream company and whose development has been carried out by Bitcoin Core. It was implemented through a Soft Fork in the Bitcoin network. Other cryptocurrencies like Litecoin or DigiByte have also adopted it.

SHA-256

It is the cryptographic algorithm that is used in the Bitcoin network for the mining of this cryptocurrency and the creation of its addresses. SHA are the scripts of 'Secure Hash Algorithm', a concept developed by the US National Security Agency (NSA).

Shafi goldwasser

Shafi Goldwasser is one of the largest female figures in the crypto world, with jobs ranging from the construction and application of random number generators, probabilistic cryptography, theory of computation, and distributed systems.

Sharding

Sharding is a computer technique that seeks to divide a database or network to make its operation much more scalable and decentralized.

Shilling

An uncontrolled, exceeded and highly dramatic form with which a currency, ico or asset is promoted with the intention of convincing other investors of the value of these assets. In many cases, the action is carried out by different actors in consonance practicing astroturfing.

the Shitco

It is a pejorative word that refers to an altcoin that lacks value or is expected to be short-lived due to the inconsistency of its code, equipment or project. It is a concept thought in English and consists of the words shit (shit) and coin (currency), literally means: shit coin.

Siacoin

Siacoin (SC) is an interesting proposal that uses the power and potential of blockchain technology to create an incensible and secure cloud storage system.

sidechain

It is an alternate blockchain whose objective is to improve the performance of an existing blockchain or blockchain.

Signature Aggregation

Signature Aggregation or Signature Aggregation, is a cryptographic technique that is used to join two or more digital signatures. A process that seeks the union of the same so that they represent a unique and valid digital signature for a document or digital information, which can be easily verifiable.

Skynet (Sia)

Skynet is a new distributed data storage service presented by the Sia project and with which they seek to create a simple and adaptable system for mass storage for both websites, backup and applications of any kind.

smart contracts

Also called a 'smart contract', it is a digital agreement between two or more parties, for goods, services or anything imaginable. Once all the requirements are met, it is automatically settled and the parties receive what was previously agreed.

Soft fork

Minor update of the software code of a blockchain network that is compatible with previous versions and does not cause the network to fork, giving rise to what would be called a hard fork.

Solidity (programming language)

This is a programming language created in order to facilitate the programming task of smart contaracts and DApps for the Ethereum ecosystem and powered by EVM.

spread

This is a programming language created in order to facilitate the programming task of smart contaracts and DApps for the Ethereum ecosystem and powered by EVM.

SputnikVM

SputnikVM is one of the great innovations born from the hard work of the Ethereum Classic development team and its ETC Labs Core.

SPV Wallets

This is a way in which crypto wallets and wallets can work quickly, easily and using few resources.

Stablecoin

A stablecoin is a cryptocurrency created in order for its value to remain stable.

Staking

The staking process consists of acquiring cryptocurrencies and keeping them locked in a wallet in order to receive profits or rewards.

Stellar (XLM)

Stellar (XLM) is a blockchain designed to process payments very quickly and cheaply, its currency is called "lumen" and it is a blockchain designed to serve as a decentralized platform for banking systems.

Succinct Atomic Swap

Succinct Atomic Swap (SAS), is a novel type of atomic swap that simplifies this type of operation, while offering much faster, cheaper, and safer exchange possibilities without intermediaries.

SWAP (Atomic Swap)

The word "Swap" means "Exchange". Atomic Swap is a term used to define a characteristic that allows to exchange cryptocurrencies that operate on different blockchains, but without intermediaries. For example, to go from Bitcoin to Ethereum, a centralized exchange is currently needed, since they are different blockchains. Atomic Swap would allow you to send your bitcoins to the person who gives you ethereums in exchange for a single blockchain transaction that is reflected in both blockchains.

Synthetix (SNX)

Synthetix (SNX) is a striking decentralized platform that is focused on the creation of synthetic securities that allow interacting with different assets as if it were a native representation of them, but in a completely decentralized market.

T

Taker

A taker is any person who has participation in a market and who agrees with an operation and its conditions, taking and liquidating the operation, removing it from the order book.

tap root

Taproot is a technology that aims to improve Bitcoin's privacy and ability to create complex smart contracts. This in order to improve its benefits and help the evolution of its growing ecosystem.

Games theory

Game theory is a branch of mathematics that has great relevance in the behavioral and decision-making fields and has an important presence in blockchain technology.

Testnet

It is a secondary Bitcoin network for testing cryptocurrencies that have no real value. Very useful for developers or people who want to test the Bitcoin network without fear of the loss of their coins.

Tezos (XTZ)

Tezos (XTZ) is a high-speed blockchain network designed to offer an infrastructure specially adapted for the execution of smart contracts and DApps with low commissions, in addition to working on a blockchain capable of evolving over time without the need for a hard fork that may jeopardizing the integrity of the network.

Timelock

Timelocks are one of the most practical functionalities of Bitcoin, allowing you the ability to program actions according to a series of parameters and thus making Bitcoin better than money, a fully programmable digital money.

Timestamp (timestamp)

The timestamp is a timestamp that is calculated according to different parameters and contributes to the verification of information on the network.

Timothy May

Timothy May was born on December 21, 1951 in Bethesda, United States. He was a prolific and well-known computer technician, ideological writer, electronics engineer, and senior scientist at Intel in the early days of the company. Also known as Tim May and for being the most agitated leader of the Cypherpunks group.

To the moon

It literally means: 'towards the Moon'. Expression originally used to say that the value of Bitcoin was going to rise quite a bit in value. Now its use is widespread for all cryptocurrencies.

Token

In the world of cryptocurrencies a token is the digital representation of the value of an asset (physical or not). There are a series of standards to create them and currently the Ethereum network is the one that houses more than 80% of the existing tokens.

Token Allowance

Token Allowance an interesting function of Ethereum's ERC-20 and ERC-777 tokens, with which we can grant specific permissions to access and use funds to DApps and DEX so that they can carry out operations autonomously and safely.

Tokenization

It is a process of transformation and representation of an asset or object within a blockchain. This process takes place by means of a digital representation of all its properties so that it can be exchanged or stored.

Tokenomics

It refers to the creation of an economic ecosystem supported by tokens. This ecosystem is sustained by the different possible interactions with said tokens and their representation in the form of real assets.

Byzantine fault tolerance

It is a specification that indicates that a system is capable of withstanding critical and reliable failures in the information that is handled in a distributed manner.

Toro

From English Bull. Investor with optimistic sentiment about the market price that expects an increase in it. The bulls establish a relationship of duality and contrast with the bears.

Trading

Exchange currencies in real time in order to make a profit.

Confidential transactions

Confidential Transactions or Confidentials Transactions (CT) are a Zero Knowledge Protocol (ZKP) cryptographic protocol designed to make cryptocurrency transactions on a blockchain private and anonymous.

transaction block

Group of network transactions that are grouped into a block that receives its hash and is added to the blockchain.

TRON (TRX)

TRON (TRX) is one of the most ambitious cryptocurrency projects in the crypto world, as it seeks to offer an economic and highly scalable platform for smart contracts, DApps and decentralized storage.

U

UAHF (User Activated Hard Fork)

UAHF mentions a set of rules created by developers that are mandatory and that change the node software. Allows invalid previous blocks to become valid again after one day, without the need for a hashing majority to be applied.

UASF (User Activated Soft Fork)

USAF, is a mechanism in which a Soft Fork is executed on a specified date forced by the nodes, also known as 'economic majority'. They require a lot of support and great coordination in the industry. It was proposed for activation of SegWit in proposal BIP148.

Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

A GPU is a chip dedicated to graphics processing or floating point operations, allowing to lighten the workload of the processors when running video games, interactive 3D applications or mathematical calculations. We can find them in specialized expansion cards, also called graphics cards or integrated in the same processor package.

Units of account

Units of account mention the ability of each bitcoin to divide up to 8 decimal places and allow unprecedented economic flexibility.

Uniswap (UNI)

Uniswap, is a decentralized exchange protocol (DEX) that has taken an enormous role in the crypto world due to its particular operating system. A fact that has led him to constant growth and to become the largest DEX in the crypto world.

USDC (USD Coin)

USDC (USD Coin), is a stablecoin created by Center and Coinbase in order to compete with USDT, integrate into the payment system of both companies and additionally, present a much more transparent operating structure than its counterparts.

USDT (Tether)

Stablecoins or stable cryptocurrencies, came to change the way we mobilize and protect our money from the volatility of the rest of cryptocurrencies. That is precisely one of the functions of USDT, the cryptocurrency that is always worth a dollar and that we invite you to know.

Utility token

They represent the right to use a product or service that will have a specific function within the ecosystem of a project. They are not intended as an investment, but rather offer users access to a future product or service. To differentiate themselves from ICOs, they are usually defined as Token Generation Events (TGE) or Token Distribution Events (TDE).

UtreeXO

UTreeXO is an improvement proposal designed by Tadje Dryja, which seeks to improve the handling of the UTXO of the Bitcoin blockchain, compressing it into a simple hash that can be reproduced by all the actors in the network.

UTXO

UTXO or Unspent transaction output is one of the central concepts that allow the proper functioning of the blockchain technology that Satoshi Nakamoto developed for Bitcoin, the world's first cryptocurrency.

V

Vanity address

It is an address that begins with a set of characters chosen by the user who creates it. It actually consists of a 'custom' address within Bitcoin, and is obtained using a brute force procedure.

vanitygen

Bitcoin Vanity address generator via command line.

Vigor (VIG)

VIGOR (VIG), is a decentralized finance (DeFi) protocol that has built a stable currency, as well as a lending and staking platform focused on bringing the DeFi world to the EOS cryptocurrency.

W

W. Scott Stornetta

W. Scott Stornetta was a visionary ahead of his time, so far ahead that in 1991 he was already talking about blockchain technology or blockchain, which has led him to be considered the “Father of the Blockchain”.

Wallet

It is the software that allows the storage and transaction of cryptocurrencies without permission or mediation from anyone. There are different types (web, desktop or mobile) there are even physical wallets called cold wallets.

Wallet Hardware

They are in the Cold Wallet category and are normally USB format drives that connect to the computer and allow us to store our cryptocurrencies safely and private keys. They usually offer the option of adding a PIN to unlock the unit.

HD Wallet (Hierarchical Deterministic Wallet)

They are a type of cryptocurrency wallet that allows the use of a series of codes or mnemonic words that help to recover the private key and with it the funds they retain.

Mobile Wallet

Android smartphone applications, iOS or other operating system for portable terminals that allows you to store and manage our cryptocurrencies, as well as make payments quickly and easily.

Paper Wallet

Process by which the private key of a Bitcoin address (or any other cryptocurrency) is on paper. In this way, you can send funds to the associated address, without running the risk that the private key is in a program with an Internet connection. In turn, this process is also a Cold Wallet or Cold Storage. When you want to regain control of the funds, you must enter this key in a clientse (of the corresponding cryptocurrency) with an Internet connection.

Wei Dai

Wei Dai, is a renowned cryptographer and member of the cypherpunk community, well known for his contributions to the field of study. In the world of cryptocurrencies, he will be remembered for placing a key precursor proposition for Bitcoin just before the inception of Satoshi Nakamoto and for the crypto library “crypto ++”.

wETH (Wrapped Ethereum)

wETH is a special type of ERC-20 token that aims to facilitate different exchange operations between the different decentralized platforms that are part of the vast Ethereum ecosystem.

Whitepaper

Technical document that describes the main characteristics or properties of a project based on blockchain technology and its corresponding cryptocurrency.

Wladimir Van Der Laan

Wladimir Van Der Laan is one of the great Bitcoin developers, but also one of the least known in his private life. This is added to a demure public life, where his best known contributions are the development of a graphic driver and being the current Bitcoin Lead Developer.

Wrapped Bitcoin (wBTC)

Wrapped Bitcoin or wBTC, is an ERC-20 token whose value is backed 1: 1 with Bitcoin, and whose objective is to facilitate the migration of value from Bitcoin to the DeFi ecosystem of Ethereum.

X

X11 (Mining algorithm)

The X11 mining algorithm is an algorithm designed on the basis of using a sequence of different hash functions, with a single purpose: to offer the best possible security for cryptocurrency mining.

XRP

XRP is the centralized cryptocurrency created by the company Ripple Labs, as a solution aimed at allowing banks and financial institutions of all kinds to use the power of blockchain technology to improve their cross-border transaction systems.

Y

Yield farming

Yield farming or yield farming is a strategy by which investors seek to establish the best form of investment to maximize their profits, leveraging their positions while using one or more DeFi platforms in their operations.

Year Finance (YFI)

One of the most important DeFi protocols is Yearn Finance (YFI), a project that seeks to facilitate access to yield farming and liquidity mining strategies in the increasingly extensive and economically important community of decentralized finance projects (DeFi).

Z

Zcash

Zcash (ZEC) is a cryptocurrency focused on maintaining maximum security, privacy and even anonymity of its users in all situations, using first-rate cryptographic technology.

ZK-snarks

Zk-SNARKs are a type of cryptographic test designed to guarantee the maximum possible privacy. To achieve this, the zk-SNARKs are built using zero knowledge protocols or tests, an interesting technique that allows us to validate and verify information without having to give access to it.

zk-STARK

The zk-STARK is a type of highly secure cryptographic testing that uses Zero Knowledge Testing (ZKP) principles to create encrypted data that can be easily verified without revealing sensitive information about such data, and best of all, with resistance to quantum computing guaranteeing its security in the not so distant future.

Zero Knowledge Protocol (ZKP)

It is a cryptography protocol used to create highly secure distributed systems. The ZKP allows you to share and verify information without revealing unnecessary data about it.

zk Ledger

zkLedger is a technology that seeks to demonstrate that the compromise between speed, security, privacy and decentralization is possible, using cryptography and other technologies created and associated with the block chain.

Zooko Wilcox

Zooko Wilcox is one of the great minds of the crypto world, creator of the privacy and anonymity-focused cryptocurrency, Zcash. A character who has always been in the field of cypherpunk standing out for her work on decentralized platforms.

ZRX (Token 0x)

The ZRX (0x) token is part of the 0x protocol and whose function is to create a currency that guarantees interoperability between decentralized applications (DApps) that incorporate exchange functionalities (DEX).